Eksponendi reeglid, eksponendi seadused ja näited.
N-i astmele tõstetud alus a on võrdne a korrutamisega, n korda:
a n = a × a × ... × a
n korda
a on alus ja n on astendaja.
3 1 = 3
3 2 = 3 × 3 = 9
3 3 = 3 × 3 × 3 = 27
3 4 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 81
3 5 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 243
Reegli nimi | Reegel | Näide |
---|---|---|
Toote reeglid | a n ⋅ a m = a n + m | 2 3 ⋅ 2 4 = 2 3 + 4 = 128 |
a n ⋅ b n = ( a ⋅ b ) n | 3 2 ⋅ 4 2 = (3⋅4) 2 = 144 | |
Quotient reeglid | a n / a m = a n - m | 2 5 /2 3 = 2 5-3 = 4 |
a n / b n = ( a / b ) n | 4 3 /2 3 = (4/2) 3 = 8 | |
Võimu reeglid | ( b n ) m = b nm | (2 3 ) 2 = 2 3⋅2 = 64 |
b n m = b ( n m ) | 2 3 2 = 2 ( 3 2 ) = 512 | |
m √ ( b n ) = b n / m | 2 √ (2 6 ) = 2 6/2 = 8 | |
b 1 / n = n √ b | 8 1/3 = 3 √ 8 = 2 | |
Negatiivsed eksponendid | b -n = 1 / b n | 2 -3 = 1/2 3 = 0,125 |
Nullreeglid | b 0 = 1 | 5 0 = 1 |
0 n = 0, kui n / 0 | 0 5 = 0 | |
Üks reegel | b 1 = b | 5 1 = 5 |
1 n = 1 | 1 5 = 1 | |
Miinus üks reegel | (-1) 5 = -1 | |
Tuletisreegel | ( X n ) " = n ⋅ x n -1 | ( x 3 ) ' = 3 x x 3-1 |
Integreeritud reegel | ∫ x n dx = x n +1 / ( n +1) + C | ∫ x 2 dx = x 2 + 1 / (2 + 1) + C |
a n ⋅ a m = a n + m
Näide:
2 3 ⋅ 2 4 = 2 3 + 4 = 2 7 = 2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2 = 128
a n ⋅ b n = ( a ⋅ b ) n
Näide:
3 2 ⋅ 4 2 = (3⋅4) 2 = 12 2 = 12⋅12 = 144
a n / a m = a n - m
Näide:
2 5 /2 3 = 2 5-3 = 2 2 = 2⋅2 = 4
a n / b n = ( a / b ) n
Näide:
4 3 /2 3 = (4/2) 3 = 2 3 = 2⋅2⋅2 = 8
( a n ) m = a n⋅m
Näide:
(2 3 ) 2 = 2 3⋅2 = 2 6 = 2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2 = 64
a n m = a ( n m )
Näide:
2 3 2 = 2 (3 2 ) = 2 (3⋅3) = 2 9 = 2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2⋅2 = 512
m √ ( a n ) = a n / m
Näide:
2 √ (2 6 ) = 2 6/2 = 2 3 = 2⋅2⋅2 = 8
b -n = 1 / b n
Näide:
2 -3 = 1/2 3 = 1 / (2⋅2⋅2) = 1/8 = 0,125